An unfortunate 1940 advertisement for white lead paint

This full-page advertisement for Lead Industries Association¹ is featured in the November 1940 issue of Agricultural Leaders' Digest (The Blue Book of Agriculture and Home Economics).²

The ad's angle is "Let a miner tell you what lead means in PAINT!" and here are some of the selling points that are touted:

• "Lead, as you know, is one of the toughest weather-fighting metals there is."
• "White lead is hard-boiled, too, when it comes to resisting time, sun and rain. It puts gumption³ into paint, makes it stick tight without cracking and scaling, adds extra life to paint jobs."
• "Any good painter or architect will tell you the same. They've learned from experience that using white lead paint is one case where the best is cheapest."

And here is perhaps the most unfortunate statement of all, in retrospect:

"It's a pretty safe rule to follow: The higher the lead content, the better the paint!"

We now know, of course, that lead paint is not at all safe. It is extremely hazardous to the health of people, especially young children. In the United States, it has been banned from household paints since 1978.

And it's not just the paint chips (which children might intentionally or unintentionally ingest) that are hazardous. The mere presence of lead dust in the air or on hands can be enough to cause lead poisoning.

According to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, U.S. homes built before 1940 have about a 67% percent chance of containing lead paint and U.S. homes built between 1940 and 1960 have about a 50% chance of containing lead paint. Learn more, including what to do about the presence of lead paint, from the Environmental Protection Agency.

And I reckon that concludes today's public-service announcement.

Footnotes
1. If you do a Google search for "Lead Industries Association," a whole boatload of court cases come up in the results. Summaries of some of those cases can be found on Wikipedia and on this page at the Alliance for Healthy Homes website.
2. Some of the articles in this issue of Agricultural Leaders' Digest include:

• 4-H Beef Show Successful Even Without Cash Prizes
• Milk and Honey Make a Delicious Drink
• Corduroy is Excellent for Children's Clothing
• Help Yourself Roadside Markets
• Synthetic Rubber is on the Way
• Lunchbox Sandwiches Should be Tasty (Household scientist Emma Chandler writes: "Wrapping the sandwich in waxed paper or a paper napkin will keep it together in the lunch pail. Every school child knows there is nothing worse than a sandwich that has scattered into pieces.")
• Meet the All-Girls' 4-H Calf Club

3. Gumption is a word that's not used nearly enough these days.

Some spacey tidbits from the Fall 1966 issue of Saucer News

Everyone has 46-year-old issues of homemade-looking UFO society magazines laying around the living room, right?¹

No?!?

Well, since I happen to have just such a magazine right here beside me, I'll share.

Here are some far-out tidbits from the official publication of the Saucer And Unexplained Celestial Events Research Society (Get it? S.A.U.C.E.R.S.):

• "WE WISH TO THANK KENNETH LARSON of Hollywood, California, for the flying saucer cover design on the cover of this issue. After having tried two other designs that we were not quite satisfied with, we have decided to adopt this one as our permanent emblem."²
• "MANY SUBSCRIBERS FAILED TO RECEIVE OUR JUNE ISSUE, for some reason that we do not understand."³
• Here is an excerpt from "The Case for Extraterrestrial Little Men," an article written by Jack and Mary Robinson:
  

  "The space being will have to weight at least 40 pounds. It is a scientific fact that the brain of any advanced intelligent being must have a high mental capacity, and must weigh at least 2 pounds. This gives us the minimum possible size of a UFO pilot. At least a 40-pound body would be necessary to contain such a brain."


• ADVERTISEMENT #1: "PREDICTIONS WITH DICE! Ancients believed tossed dice revealed future. New, informative method....$2.00. Enclose stamped, addressed envelope. Californians add 4% tax. Predicta-Dice, Dept. 10, 1722 S. Crescent Hts. Blvd. Los Angeles, California 90035."
• ADVERTISEMENT #2: "MY CONTACT WITH FLYING SAUCERS — by Dino Kraspedon — $3.50. A famous Brazilian scientist tells of his unique experiences with space beings."
• ADVERTISEMENT #3: "FLYING SAUCERS IN THE BIBLE — by Virginia Brasington — $3.00. Did you know that portions of the Bible actually describe flying saucer sightings in ancient times? The complete story appears in this stimulating book."
• Here are some of the entries in this issue's largest section — eight pages of "Recent UFO Sightings":
  
  • On the night of March 26th, a 13-year-old boy named Charles Cozens, of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, saw two strange "ships" land in a field behind a police station in a residential section of town.
  
  • In Australia, another flying saucer "nest" has been found. ... The latest "nest" is in a swamp near Bankstown, and consists of an almost symmetrical 20-foot-diameter circle of flattened reeds. A local woman and her neighbors claimed they saw mysterious white lights in that area for several nights in a row.
  • On the morning of April 6th, two 12-year-old boys on their way to school in Norwalk, Connecticut were attacked by a silvery ball, eight feet in diameter, which dove four times to within 15 feet of the ground.
  • A terrified 11-year-old girl in Dorchester, Mass. reported that at about 4 a.m. on April 25th, a flying saucer of some sort banged into the side of the house and rocked her bed.
  • On April 25th, Governor Haydon Burns of Florida saw an unexplained aerial object while flying through the state on a political campaign. The encounter occurred while the Governor's private plane was at 6,000 feet over Ocala, Florida, and involved a lighted UFO at some distance from the aircraft.

• Finally, saving the best for last, here's the magazine's verbatim description of a sighting that took place right here in York, Pennsylvania. (It states that the description was taken from the June 13, 1966, issue of The (York) Gazette and Daily, the predecessor of my paper, the York Daily Record/Sunday News.)
  

  "On June 12th, a family of five living in a rural area near York, Pa. observed a flying saucer hovering over the treetops within 700 yards of their home. The object had 'compartments' that glowed with 'soft-colored lights,' and was in the shape of a flattened triangle. It made various zig-zag motions in the sky that definitely eliminated the possibility of it being a satellite, according to the witnesses, who watched the UFO through binoculars off and on for 25 minutes."

  I'll have to get into the microfilm archives and see if I can discover anything else about that local UFO sighting from the Summer of '66.
  

Footnotes

1. Of course, if your living room still looks like one of these rooms, you might just have some 1960s publications laying around.
2. I wonder if the Kenneth Larson mentioned is Hollywood set designer Kenneth A. Larson.
3. Clearly, those issues were stolen by aliens. Or the government. You decide.

Celebrating Papergreat's 600th post with chickens, past and present

Welcome to Papergreat's 600th post!

That's a bundle of posts for a blog with no real agenda or focus, precious few viral hits and faint hopes of ever pulling in big bucks.¹

Assuming that I've spent an average of 90 minutes² carefully researching and writing each of the 600 posts here, I've spent 37.5 whole days of my life crafting Papergreat. So I guess it's not a surprise that I've been oblivious to the whole Honey Boo Boo phenomenon and other pop-culture curiosities of the past two years.

But, hey, I'm still having a blast! And pageviews have been on the rise in China, where I'm not yet on the "Blocked" list. So I plan to keep cheerily plugging away and plowing through ephemera.

There's a bit of a tradition here of celebrating every 200 posts. And chickens have been woven into the past two celebrations.³

So I think I'll hit the poultry hard one more time before retiring the Chicken Meme⁴ and coming up with a new idea in six months or so, when the 800th post rolls around.

Chickens of the past

Above: This is a portion of an advertisement for Conkeys feed⁵ from the February 1933 edition of Poultry Tribune. According to the advertising copy: "Conkeys the Original Buttermilk Starting Feed with Y-O contains an abundance of buttermilk, milk albumen, meat meal, etc., scientifically balanced and blended. No mixing — no guesswork. Keeps bowels open and digestive track in healthy condition. Only Conkeys is vitalized with Y-O."

(Y-O appears to have been a powder containing yeast, cod liver oil and vitamin.)

The G.E. Conkey Company was based in Cleveland and had mills in Cleveland, Toledo, Nebraska City and Dallas.

Above: These two advertisements — for products offered by Dr. J.A. Lockwood and Fox Poultry Farm Co. — are from the same issue of Poultry Tribune as the Conkeys advertisement.

Not being a poultry farmer, I was not aware that cannibalism was such a big problem among chickens.⁶ In fact, it turns out that it's so prevalent that the topic has its own Wikipedia page.

The slogan "Paint the windows — not the Chicks" is probably referring to this concept:

"It is theorized that ... placing red filters over windows or keeping the birds in red light ... prevent[s] the birds from recognizing the blood or raw flesh of other hens and thus diminish[es] cannibalistic behavior."

Above: This final advertisement comes from a different issue of Poultry Tribune — October 1935 (price: 10¢). A pullet is a young hen, and the advertising copy for Park & Pollard ManAmar Feeds urgently asks:

"Do your pullets look better or worse than last year? How many did you lose last year? Many of our eastern universities are reporting an average loss from 30% to 40% during the pullet year. That is far too great — and yet, what is being done about it? We say and we have proved that mineral deficiency is the real cause of these major losses. Supply the vital minerals in the ration and you avoid the loss."

According to this history of Buffalo published in 1927, Park & Pollard was just one of seven manufacturers of livestock feed in the city during that year. The others were Mapl-Flake Mills, Eastern States Co-op Milling Company, Maritime Milling Company, Ralston Purina, The Hecker-H. O. Company and Co-op. G. L. F. Exchange.

Chickens of the present

To cap off the 600th post, here is a gallery of chicken photographs that I took during the recent York Fair. Yes, that's right, I was the creepy guy with the camera, taking pictures of all the cute chicks...

Not all of the chickens looked terribly pleased about being photographed.

Footnotes
1. Negotiations for "Papergreat: The Motion Picture" and "Papergreat: The Broadway Musical" remain stalled. There is, however, a Ukrainian company that is interested in producing Papergreat-themed napkin rings.
2. My wife would argue that time estimate is low. I fear she's right.
3. The 200th post featured Casper, Jerry Richardson, David McCallum and Gatlinburg before concluding with some rock-star chickens, and the 400th post was pretty much wall-to-wall chickens. It's also worth noting that Papergreat delved into the realm of common poultry diseases in Summer 2011.
4. Chicken Meme would be a good name for a band. I think.
5. The G.E. Conkey Company published a book titled "A Handy Book of Reference on Poultry Raising" about a century ago. Reprints of the original text can be purchased through Amazon and other outlets, if you want to check it out.
6. Speaking of cannibalism, Season 3 of "The Walking Dead" starts on October 14. Now all I have to do is catch up on the rest of Season 2. Did they ever find that young girl who was missing?

Mystery photos: Random baby and an image we've nearly lost forever

Here are two completely unrelated photos. Neither has any identifying information on the front or back.

The baby pictured at right sure is cute, though. And he — I think it's a he — seems to be enjoying that stuffed cat.

It's a long shot, of course, but if you recognize this baby or this stuffed cat, let me know, and I'll get this photograph back into your hands.

The second photo is much older and in terrible condition. I'm not an expert, so I don't know what kind of antique photograph I'm dealing with here.

It's just slightly larger than a credit card and has a black back. Here it is, magnified a bit:

So we have two people sitting in front of car. There's a kind of beauty in the deterioration of the image, though it would be nice to be able to glean more details.

Here are a few closeups:

And here's that last image once again, after a little Pixlr tinkering on my part:

Anyone have any thoughts? If you do, please comment down below.

Saturday's postcards: Two neat vintage scenes from Norway

Greetings on the final Saturday afternoon of September!

Today's first postcard, shown above, is an undated, unused postcard of The Fish Market (Parti fra Fisketorget) in Bergen, Norway.¹ It was published in Oslo by Eberh. B. Oppi.

I'm sure the Fish Market has changed greatly over the decades. Here are some recent descriptions and reviews from TripAdvisor.

• "The Fish Market is often labeled as a major tourist attraction in Bergen, mainly because of its long tradition in Norway's fish trade center, but the fish market today is not what it once was. Depending upon your personal tastes and interests, the Fish Market may seem overrated and oversold by guides and tourist information. In the tourist season it is crowded by makeshift souvenir shops, some of which sell high quality (and high priced) items, others sell junk. Beware of pickpockets as it tends to be crowded. Many tourists leave the market dissatisfied and disappointed." [written in July 2008]
• "What a shame. I was there 38 years ago when I was a backpacking hitchhiker and it sure seemed authentic and local to me. Just part of everyday life there. I am going back this summer and hate to see everything commercialized." [written in June 2009]
• "Yes, there was fish for sale, but really it is an overpriced outdoor restaurant. My mussels were delicious but incredibly expensive, even by Norwegian standards. Plenty of atmosphere. Most of the punters looked like tourists. I wonder where the locals buy their seafood?" [written in September 2012]
• "In a country where Burger King whoppers are $18, finding a good deal for food is hard to come by. That is, unless you come to the Fish Market. My husband and I decided to splurge on two King Crab legs each at approx. 340 NOK for two King Crab Legs (about $58 US dollars). Now, understand...in the surrounding restaurants...ONE King Crab Leg meal was about 700-800 NOK (approx. $120 or so dollars!!!!) so $58 was a steal! My parents got an amazing and delicious salmon dish. I highly recommend dining out here for the fun of it and to save some big bucks!" [written in August 2012]

There are many more interesting blurbs (positive and negative) that you can check out on TripAdvisor, which seemed to have the most extensive collection of online consumer reviews of Bergen's Fish Market.

To me, the best things about this postcard are the gorgeous photograph, with its overcast sky, and the amazing baby stroller...

That hoodie-clad baby is riding in style! It almost looks like the baby carriage version of a Linjebuss.

Speaking of gorgeous photographs, though, here's today's second postcard:

The text on the front of the Normann postcard² states: "Geiranger. Utsikt fra Dalsnibba"

The Norwegian to English translation would be: "Geiranger. View from Dalsnibba"

Geiranger is a village in western Norway. It is located at the head of the Geiranger Fjord, which affords it spectacular views such as this one. Lonely Planet, in fact, calls it the top tourist experience in Norway. Geiranger primarily exists because of tourists — more than 100 cruise ships pass through each summer.³

Dalsnibba, meanwhile, is the 4,843-foot mountain that is located about 13 miles south of Geiranger and Geiranger Fjord. The photograph for this postcard would have been taken near Dalsnibba's summit.

Footnotes
1. The Hanseatic warehouses in Bergen were previously featured in this July 2011 post.
2. Arne Normann took more than 300,000 photos in Scandinavia between 1940 and 1990 and became synonymous with Norwegian postcards. I also stumbled upon Foto Normann, which "is a documentary film about legendary Norwegian landscape photographers Arne Normann and his father Carl Normann who led the tourist postcard photography business in Norway for over a hundred years."
3. According to Wikipedia: "Geiranger is under constant threat from the mountain Åkerneset which could erode into the fjord. A collapse could cause a tsunami that could destroy downtown Geiranger."

Minutes of Provincial Council of Pennsylvania in 1703

This is probably the oldest excerpt yet posted on Papergreat. It's a short passage from:

Minutes
of the
Provincial Council
of
Pennsylvania.
From the Organization to the Termination of the
Proprietary Government.
Published by the State.
Vol. II.
Containing the Proceedings of Council From December
18, 1700, to May 15, 1717.
The edition I'm excerpting from was printed by Theophilus Fenn in 1838 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The passage concerns some folks who might have performed some marriage ceremonies that they weren't supposed to:

At a Council held at Philadelphia, the 31st 11 mo., 1703-4.
PRESENT:EDWD. SHIPPEN, Presidt.
John Guest, Thomas Story,
Samuel Carpentr, Griffeth Owen.

Andrew Bankson, according to order of ye last Council, appearing before this Board, was questioned concerning his being present at a late marriage of Tho. Murray & Rebeckah Richardson, contrary to Law, and countenancing it as a Justice of ye Peace; upon wch he declared that he was wholly ignorant of its being illegal, & was heartily sorry for what was done, promising that whether he should continue in Commission, or otherwise, this should be such a caution to him as to prevent him of committing the like for ye future, & being severely checked, was dismissed.

George Lowther, also was sent for & questioned concerning a License said to have been granted by ye Lord Cornbury, for marrying ye sd persons in ye Province of Jersey, upon a letter from ye sd Lord, a Copy of wch was produced,) by Rebeckah Shippen, assuring her that he had heard of no application for that purpose, & should not grant one if applied for But the sd George Lowther, Sending forth the sd. License, produced it, & being viewed carefully, it appeared to be authentique.

Many of the passages in the book are, frankly, pretty boring — comparable to the uneventful municipal meetings that we're used to three centuries later. But there is some compelling stuff about negotiations with various Indian tribes in the years 1709 to 1711 that I might delve into in a future post.

If you're interested in this topic, let me know and I might dive back into it even sooner!

Two more dandy vintage book covers, including a Rex Kingdon novel

If you're like me and can't get enough of vintage book covers, here are two more gems...

"Rex Kingdon of Ridgewood High"

This book, by Gordon Braddock, was published in 1914 by A.L. Burt Company and was the first in a juvenile-fiction series.

A page maintained by Mary Crosson on the University of Missouri-Kansas City website describes the series:

"Rex Kingdon is your basic all-around series book schoolboy hero — athletic, honest, interested in woodcraft, and so forth. The son of a scientist, Rex spent his early years traveling around the world. When the series opens, he's a new boy at Ridgewood High School. Later books see him camping out with Ridgewood friends, entering prep school, and playing on the school football and baseball teams. The basic plot of each book is the same: a jealous 'enemy' boy, a poor sport who aims to thwart Rex at every turn, is eventually converted into a staunch friend through the example of Rex's manliness and good sportsmanship. In the introduction to #5, 'Storm Island,' a sixth book is promised, but I can't find any evidence that 'Rex Kingdon and his Chums,' was ever published."

Meanwhile, author Braddock describes Rex thusly in this book's foreword:

"In this first volume of a new series for the modern youth Rex Kingdon makes his bow. I think you will find him a human chap with a love of fun, a whimsical sense of humor, and a clear conception of the demands of duty and honor and loyalty; yet by no means a prig or snob. And, above all, not the sort of unreal, impossible, never-was 'hero,' who is encountered so often in the pages of juvenile fiction."

So, Rex is more realistic and believable than other juvenile-fiction characters. Which explains why, when he is first introduced in Chapter 3, he tells us that he was recently "shackled for three months in a Peruvian jail." Because that was a common occurrence for American teens 100 years ago.

The most enjoyable discovery in this book, however, might be the names of the characters. Skimming through the first section of the narrative, I came across the following names:

• Kent Starbuck
• Shrimp Ballard ("an ardent admirer of Starbuck")
• Nipper Ware
• Chub Taffinder ("Chub hated exertion of any sort")
• Hallet, the postmaster
• Si Crane
• Elmer Starbuck
• Dudley Durand (who wears a scarf)
• Bruce Brigham
• Tug Melchor (from the mill district across the creek)
• Dr. Pheneas Fogg
• Dell Vickers

"Old Chester Tales"

This book, meanwhile, was published in 1898 by Grosset & Dunlap and was written by Margaret Deland.

It has a cursive inscription on the first page that states: "Ethel G. Wade. From Cousin Fannie Foy. March, 1911. Hot Springs, Arkansas."

Author Deland, a Pennsylvania native, was known for her several "Old Chester" books, which were apparently based on her early memories of Maple Grove and Manchester — Pittsburgh-area communities in which she grew up.

Here's the opening passage from one of the book's tales, titled "Good for the Soul." As you can see, it has much more sensible names than Braddock's book. But I did get a bit confused.

"It was about twelve or thirteen years before Dr. Lavendar startled Old Chester by helping Oscar King elope with that little foolish Dorothea Ferris that, one night, in the rectory study, with Mary and his brother, Joey Lavendar, as witnesses, he married Peter Day."

I read that sentence three times. And, each time, I thought Dr. Lavendar tied the knot with Peter Day.

But the next sentence helped with context.

"Peter, with a pretty girl on his arm, drifted in out of the windy and rainy darkness, with a license from the Mayor's office in Upper Chester, and a demand that Dr. Lavendar perform the marriage service."

OK. Now I get it.

Old mail and lists tucked away inside "The Valley of Decision"

I found several items — a day's mail from April 1950 and some lists — tucked away inside a copy of the 1943 Peoples Book Club Edition of "The Valley of Decision" by Marcia Davenport.¹

All of it appears to have belonged to Bessie N. Carrier of Staunton, Virginia.

Here it is...

Delayed slip from Thalhimers

This postcard from Thalhimers department store to Miss Bessie N. Carrier was postmarked at 7:30 p.m. on April 12, 1950, in Richmond, Virginia. The typed note on the back states:

Your order for slip is very much appreciated, however it is with keen regret we advise that our stock is temporarily depleted. A new shipment is expected shortly, and your order will be forwarded on or about April 20, 1950.

Your patronage is appreciated, and we hope to serve you more promply [sic] in the future.

Cordially yours,

THALHIMERS
MAIL ORDER SERVICE

A few reminders from Margaret

And this one-cent postcard to Bessie was postmarked at 12 p.m. on April 12, 1950, in Mint Spring, Virginia.

The cursive note states:

The Wesleyan Service Guild will meet April 17 with Miss Carrie (?) Thomason. On April 16 the Distric [sic] Guild will meet at Central Church beginning at 2:30. Please try to go. Margaret.

Stamps needed

Bessie wrote a few things on this scrap of a used envelope. One side states "Mr. Lowberman (?), Please leave me 33 - 3¢ stamps and 1 postal. B. Carrier."

On the other side is some math. I generally leave math to Joan, who is currently working with our daughter on the "Life of Fred" math series.

A note-filled envelope

Wow! Where should I start with all the writing scrawled on this envelope?

Here's what I can transcribe from the front of the envelope. It almost makes for a kind of poetry:

[LEFT SIDE]
Told me to
Call Sat. a.m.
but I may go
99° to R. tomorrow
Still have
spring fever
Temp Wed. + Today
99°
How are you?
Are you still so
busy?
My heart does a little
unnecessary pounding beating
sometimes

[RIGHT SIDE]
One nite didn't sleep
since talked
Thurs. night
Ran fast heart
Washed hair
and helped
clean a cabinet
in kitchen
Richmond?
Ask how is.
Can't seem to
do much without
getting very
tired + nervous
slept well every
nite since I
talked to you Sat.
Knee has
hurt quite a
right much
seemed right
swollen last
night

On the back of the envelope there is, along with the phrase "visits help morale," this 1950 grocery-store list:

• Prunes
• T.P.
• Tomatoes
• ½ doz. lemons
• 2 big cans ??
• 3 Veal chop
• ½ doz. stamped env.
• 3 long stamped env.
• medicine heart
• 2 mouse traps
• ½ lb. cheese
• cherries

So, is all of this enough to paint any kind of picture about what Bessie's life was like 62 years ago? Share your thoughts in the comments section.

Footnote
1. Davenport was perhaps best known for a biography of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart that she published in 1932, and she was also the stepdaughter of musician Efrem Zimbalist Sr. Davenport's novel, "The Valley of Decision" chronicles several generations of family that owns a Pittsburgh iron and steel works.